Skin Rash Skin Rashes In Children On Face In Adults On Hands On Arms That Itch In Kids On Dogs On Chest On Neck

Skin Rash Biography

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A rash may be localized in one part of the body, or affect all the skin. Rashes may cause the skin to change color, itch, become warm, bumpy, chapped, dry, cracked or blistered, swell, and may be painful.

The causes, and therefore treatments for rashes, vary widely. Diagnosis must take into account such things as the appearance of the rash, other symptoms, what the patient may have been exposed to, occupation, and occurrence in family members.Rash can last 5 to 20 days, the diagnosis may confirm any number of conditions.

The presence of a rash may aid diagnosis; associated signs and symptoms are diagnostic of certain diseases. For example, the rash in measles is an erythematous, morbilliform, maculopapular rash that begins a few days after the fever starts. It classically starts at the head, and spreads downwards.
Contents  [hide]
1 Differential diagnosis
2 Diagnostic approach
3 Overview of symptoms
4 Treatment
5 See also
6 References
7 External links


Differential diagnosis[edit]    This section does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2011)


Common causes of rashes include:
Food Allergy
Anxiety
Allergies, for example to food, dyes, medicines, insect stings, metals such as zinc or nickel; such rashes are often called hives.
Skin contact with an irritant
Fungal infection, such as ringworm
Balsam of Peru[1]
Reaction to vaccination
Skin diseases such as eczema or acne
Exposure to sun (sunburn) or heat
Friction due to chafing of the skin
Irritation such as caused by abrasives impregnated in clothing rubbing the skin. The cloth itself may be abrasive enough for some people
Menstruation
Secondary syphilis
Poor personal hygiene

Uncommon causes:
Autoimmune disorders such as psoriasis
Lead poisoning
Pregnancy
Repeated scratching on a particular spot
Lyme Disease
Scarlet fever
Diagnostic approach[edit]

The causes of a rash are numerous, which may make the evaluation of a rash extremely difficult. An accurate evaluation by a provider may only be made in the context of a thorough history (What medication is the patient taking? What is the patient's occupation? Where has the patient been?) and complete physical examination.

Points to note in the examination include:
The appearance: e.g., purpuric (typical of vasculitis and meningococcal disease), fine and like sandpaper (typical of scarlet fever); circular lesions with a central depression are typical of molluscum contagiosum (and in the past, small pox); plaques with silver scales are typical of psoriasis.
The distribution: e.g., the rash of scarlet fever becomes confluent and forms bright red lines in the skin creases of the neck, armpits and groins (Pastia's lines); the vesicles of chicken pox seem to follow the hollows of the body (they are more prominent along the depression of the spine on the back and in the hollows of both shoulder blades); very few rashes affect the palms of the hands and soles of the feet (secondary syphilis, rickettsia or spotted fevers,[2] guttate psoriasis, hand, foot and mouth disease, keratoderma blennorrhagicum);
Symmetry: e.g., herpes zoster usually only affects one side of the body and does not cross the midline.

Patch test

A patch test may be ordered, for diagnostic purposes.[3]
Overview of symptoms[edit]Skin disease    Symptoms    Usual area of body
Acne Vulgaris    Comedones, papules, pustules and nodules.    Face, chest and back.
Acne Rosacea    Flushed appearance or redness.    Cheeks, chin, forehead or nose.
Boil    Painful red bump or a cluster of painful red bumps    Anywhere
Cellulitis    Red, tender and swollen areas of skin    Around a cut, scrape or skin breach
Insect bite    Red and/or itchy bumps on the skin    Anywhere and can be sprinked randomly
Allergic reaction    Irregular, raised or flat red sores that appeared after taking medicine/drugs or eating certain foods    Anywhere
Hives    Bumps formed suddenly    Anywhere but usually first noticed on face
Seborrheic dermatitis    Bumps and swelling    Near glands
Cradle Cap    Dry, scaly skin    Scalp of recently born babies
Irritant contact dermatitis    Red, itchy, scaly, or oily rash    Eyebrows, nose, edge of the scalp, point of contact with jewellery, perfume, or clothing.
Allergic Contact Dermatitis caused by poison ivy, poison oak, sumac, or Balsam of Peru[1]    Red, itchy, scaly or oily rash; can also be weeping or leathery.    Anywhere that came in contact with the irritant either directly or via transfer (e.g. from contaminated clothing.)
Allergic purpura    Small red dots on the skin, or larger, bruise-like spots that appeared after taking medicine    Anywhere
Pityriasis Rosea    Started with a single scaly, red and slightly itchy spot, and within a few days, did large numbers of smaller patches of the rash, some red and/or others tan    Chest and abdomen
Dermatitis herpetiformis    Intensely itchy rash with red bumps and blisters    Elbows, knees, back or buttocks
Erythema nodosum    Large red bumps that seem to bruise and are tender to touch    Anywhere
Psoriasis    White, scaly rash over red, flaky, irritated skin    Elbows and knees
Erythema multiforme    Red, blotchy rash, with "target like" hives or sores.    Anywhere
Measles    Red rash that is raised with a fever or sore throat.    Usually starts first on the forehead and face and spreads downward.
Chickenpox    Multiple blisters with a fever, cough, aches, tiredness and sore throat.    Usually starts first on the face, chest and back and spreads downward.
Shingles    Red blisters that are very painful and may crust    Anywhere
Fifth Disease    Started as a fever and then developed a bright red rash    Cheeks
Warts    Soft bumps forming that don't itch and have no other symptoms    Anywhere
Ringworm    Bald spot on the scalp or a ring of itchy red skin    Anywhere
Syphilis    Rash that is red but not itchy    Palms of hands or soles of feet
Jock itch, yeast infection or diaper rash    Red itchy rash    Groin
Tinea versicolor    Light coloured patches    Anywhere
Impetigo    Crusted, tan-colored sores    Near nose or lip
Scabies    Bite-like sores that itch and spread intensely    Usually start on hands or feet and spread everywhere
Rocky Mountain spotted fever    A fine rash with a fever and headache    Usually start on arms and legs including the hands and feet
Lupus erythematosus    A butterfly rash with achy joints    Forehead and cheeks
Jaundice or sign of hepatitis    Yellowish    Skin, whites of eyes and mouth
Bruise    Blue or black area after being hit    Anywhere
Actinic keratoses    Scaly, pink, gray or tan patches or bumps    Face, scalp or on the backs or the hands
Keloid or hypertrophic scar    Scar that has grown larger than expected    Anywhere
Lipoma    Soft or rubbery growth    Anywhere
Milia    Lots of white spots    On the face of a baby
Molluscum or contagiosum    Small, firm, round bumps with pits in the center that may sit on tiny stalks    Anywhere
Scarlet Fever    Becomes confluent and forms bright red lines in the skin creases of the neck, armpits and groins (Pastia's lines)    Face, chest & back, whole body, armpits, inside elbows, groins
Sebaceous cyst    Bump with a white dome under the skin    Scalp, nape of the neck or upper back
Skin tag    Soft, fleshy growth, lump or bump    Face, neck, armpits or groin
Xanthelasma    Yellow area under the skin    Under eyelids
Melanoma    Dark bump that may have started within a mole or blemish, or, a spot or mole that has changed in color, size, shape or is painful or itchy    Anywhere
Basal cell carcinoma    Fleshy, growing mass    Areas exposed to the sun
Squamous cell carcinoma    Unusual growth that is red, scaly or crusted    Face, lip or chin
Kaposi's sarcoma    Dark or black raised spots on the skin that keep growing or have appeared recently    Anywhere
Erythema annulare centrifugum (EAC)    Pink-red ring or bullseye marks  

 Skin Rash Skin Rashes In Children On Face In Adults On Hands On Arms That Itch In Kids On Dogs On Chest On Neck

 Skin Rash Skin Rashes In Children On Face In Adults On Hands On Arms That Itch In Kids On Dogs On Chest On Neck

 Skin Rash Skin Rashes In Children On Face In Adults On Hands On Arms That Itch In Kids On Dogs On Chest On Neck

 Skin Rash Skin Rashes In Children On Face In Adults On Hands On Arms That Itch In Kids On Dogs On Chest On Neck

 Skin Rash Skin Rashes In Children On Face In Adults On Hands On Arms That Itch In Kids On Dogs On Chest On Neck

 Skin Rash Skin Rashes In Children On Face In Adults On Hands On Arms That Itch In Kids On Dogs On Chest On Neck

 Skin Rash Skin Rashes In Children On Face In Adults On Hands On Arms That Itch In Kids On Dogs On Chest On Neck

 Skin Rash Skin Rashes In Children On Face In Adults On Hands On Arms That Itch In Kids On Dogs On Chest On Neck

 Skin Rash Skin Rashes In Children On Face In Adults On Hands On Arms That Itch In Kids On Dogs On Chest On Neck

 Skin Rash Skin Rashes In Children On Face In Adults On Hands On Arms That Itch In Kids On Dogs On Chest On Neck

 Skin Rash Skin Rashes In Children On Face In Adults On Hands On Arms That Itch In Kids On Dogs On Chest On Neck